Kugadzirwa kwewaini kwave kuripo kwezviuru zvemakore.Mune chimiro chayo chekutanga, kugadzirwa kwewaini inzira yechisikigo inoda kupindira kwevanhu kushoma.Amai Nature vanopa zvese zvinodiwa kugadzira waini;zviri kuvanhu kushongedza, kuvandudza, kana kudzima zvachose izvo zvakasikwa zvakapihwa, izvo izvo chero munhu ane ruzivo rwakadzama rwekuravira kwewaini anogona kupupurira.
Pane zvinhanho zvishanu zvakakosha kana matanho ekugadzira waini: kukohwa, kupwanya nekutsikirira, kuvirisa, kujekesa, uyezve kuchembera uye kuisa mabhodhoro.
Kukohwa
Kukohwa kana kunhonga zvirokwazvo inhanho yekutanga mukugadzira waini chaiyo.Pasina muchero pangadai pasina waini, uye hapana michero kunze kwemazambiringa inogona kuburitsa gore negore huwandu hwakavimbika hweshuga kuburitsa doro rakakwana kuchengetedza chinwiwa chabuda, kana kuve nemimwe michero inodiwa asidhi, esters uye tannins kugadzira waini chaiyo, yakagadzikana pa hwaro hunoenderana.Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi uye nevakawanda, vagadziri vewaini vakawanda vanobvuma kuti waini inogadzirwa mumunda wemizambiringa, zvichida nenzira yekufananidzira.Nzira yekugadzira waini yakanaka inoda kuti mazambiringa akohwewe panguva chaiyo, kunyanya kana physiologically yaibva.Musanganiswa wesainzi uye kuravira kwechinyakare kazhinji kunoenda pakusarudza nguva yekukohwa, nevapi vemazano, vagadziri vewaini, mamaneja eminda yemizambiringa, uye varidzi veminda vese vane zvavanoda.Kukohwa kunogona kuitwa nemichina kana nemaoko.Zvakadaro, minda mizhinji inofarira kukohwa nemaoko, sezvo vakohwi vemuchina kazhinji vanogona kuomera mazambiringa nemunda wemizambiringa.Kana mazambiringa angosvika panzvimbo yewaini, vagadziri vewaini vane mukurumbira vanogadzira masumbu emuzambiringa, vobvisa michero yakaora kana isina kuibva vasati vapwanya.
Kupwanya uye Kudzvanya
Kupwanya masumbu ese emazambiringa manyoro akaibva ndiyo nhanho inotevera mukugadzira waini.Nhasi, ma mechanical crushers anoita tsika inoremekedzwa nenguva yekutsika-tsika kana kutsika-tsika mazambiringa mune izvo zvinowanzonzi zvinofanira.Kwezviuru zvemakore, vaive varume nevakadzi vaitamba dhanzi rekukohwa mumadhiramu nemumichina zvakatanga shanduko yemashiripiti yemuto wemazambiringa kubva kuchiedza chezuva chakanyanya uye nemvura zvakabatanidzwa pamwechete mumasumbu emichero kusvika kune zvinovaka muviri uye zvisinganzwisisike pazvinwiwa zvese - waini.Sechinhu chipi nechipi muupenyu, kuchinja kunosanganisira chinhu chakarasika uye chimwe chinhu chakawanikwa.Nokushandisa michina yokutsikirira, kudanana uye tsika dzakawanda zvabva padanho iri rekugadzira waini, asi munhu haafaniri kuchembera kwenguva refu nekuda kwekuwandisa kwehutsanana kunounza mukugadzira waini.Mechanical pressing yakavandudzawo kunaka uye hupenyu hurefu hwewaini, uku ichideredza kudiwa kwewinemaker kwekuchengetedza.Tataura zvese izvi, zvakakosha kuziva kuti haisi waini yese inotanga hupenyu mukupwanya.Dzimwe nguva, vagadziri vewaini vanosarudza kubvumira kuvirisa kunotanga mukati mezvisumbu zvisina kupwanyika zvemazambiringa, zvichibvumira huremu hwechisikigo hwemazambiringa uye kutanga kwekuvirisa kupaza matehwe emazambiringa asati adzvanya masumbu asina kupwanyika.
Kusvika pakupwanya nekutsikirira matanho ekugadzira waini chena newaini tsvuku zvakangofanana.Zvisinei, kana mugadziri wewaini achizogadzira waini chena, iye anokurumidza kudzvanya iyo inofanirwa mushure mekupwanya kuitira kuti aparadzanise muto kubva mumatehwe, mhodzi, uye yakaoma.Nokuita kudaro ruvara rusingadiwi (runobva paganda remazambiringa, kwete muto) uye tannins haigoni kupinda muwaini chena.Chaizvoizvo, waini chena inotenderwa kushoma ganda kusangana, nepo waini tsvuku inosara yakabatana nematehwe ayo kuti igadzire ruvara, kunaka, uye mamwe matannins panguva yekuvirisa, inova nhanho inotevera.
Kuvirisa
Kuvirisa zvechokwadi mashiripiti ari kutamba mukugadzira waini.Kana ikasiiwa kune yayo pachayo inofanirwa kana muto unotanga kuvirisa zvega mukati memaawa 6-12 nerubatsiro rwembiriso yemusango mumhepo.Munzvimbo dzakachena kwazvo, dzakanyatsogadziriswa waini neminda yemizambiringa uku kuviriswa kwechisikigo chinhu chinogamuchirwa.Zvisinei, nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, vazhinji vanogadzira winemakers vanosarudza kupindira panguva ino nekuisa inoculating yezvakasikwa inofanira.Izvi zvinoreva kuti vachauraya mhuka dzesango uye dzimwe nguva dzisingafungidzike mbiriso dzechisikigo vobva vaunza rudzi rwembiriso yesarudzo yemunhu kuitira kuti vanyatsofanotaura mhedzisiro.Pasinei nenzira yakasarudzwa, kana kuvirisa kunotanga, kunowanzoenderera mberi kusvikira shuga yose ichishandurwa kuva doro uye waini yakaoma inogadzirwa.Kuvirisa kunogona kuda chero kupi zvako kubva pamazuva gumi kusvika kumwedzi kana kupfuura.Nhamba inoguma yedoro muwaini ichasiyana kubva kune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune inotevera, nekuda kwehuwandu hwehuga hwehuga hwehunofanira.Chinwiwa chedoro che10% mumamiriro ekunze anotonhorera zvichienderana nepamusoro pe15% munzvimbo dzinodziya inoonekwa seyakajairika.Waini inotapira inogadzirwa apo kuvirisa kunomira shuga isati yashandurwa kuita doro.Ichi chinowanzova chekuziva, chisarudzo cheune pane chikamu chewinemaker.
Kujekeswa
Kana kuvirisa kwapera, nzira yekujekesa inotanga.Vagadziri vewaini vane sarudzo yekukwesha kana kusveta waini yavo kubva kune rimwe tangi kana dhiramu kuenda kune rinotevera netarisiro yekusiya mvura uye yakaoma inonzi pomace muzasi metangi rinovirisa.Kusefa uye kucheneswa kunogona kuitwawo panguva ino.Kusefa kunogona kuitwa nezvese kubva kusefa yekosi inobata chete mahombe mahombe kusvika kune sterile filter pad inobvisa waini yehupenyu hwese.Kugadziriswa kunoitika kana zvinhu zvinowedzerwa muwaini kuti zvijekese.Kazhinji, vagadziri vewaini vanozowedzera mazai machena, ivhu, kana mamwe makomisheni kuwaini iyo inobatsira kumisa mbiriso yakafa maseru uye zvimwe zvinyoro kubva muwaini.Zvinhu izvi zvinonamatira kune zvisizvo zvisingadiwi uye zvinozvimanikidza kusvika pasi petangi.Waini yakanatswa inobva yapinzwa mune imwe mudziyo, iyo inenge yagadzirira kubhodha kana kuchembera.
Kuchembera uye Bottling
Nhanho yekupedzisira yekugadzira waini inosanganisira kuchembera uye kubhota kwewaini.Mushure mekujekeswa, winemaker ane sarudzo yekuvhara waini pakarepo, iyo ndiyo nyaya yevakawanda vewaini.Kuwedzera kuchembera kunogona kuitwa mubhodhoro, simbi isina tsvina kana matangi eceramic, mahombe emapuranga ovhari, kana madhiramu madiki, anowanzo kunzi barriques.Sarudzo uye matekiniki anoshandiswa muchikamu chino chekupedzisira chemaitiro anenge asingaperi, sezvakaita mhedzisiro.Nekudaro, mhedzisiro inowanzoitika muzviitiko zvese iwaini.Enjoy!
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-13-2023